Brain - Tissue Tables

SpeciesSpecies DetailCellsEnzyme(s)Medium Reference
Bovine Bovine Microvascular endothelial Neutral Protease: 0.005%
 Medium 199 Kanda, T., Yoshino, H., Ariga, T., Yamawaki, M., and Yu, R.: Glycosphingolipid Antigens in Cultured Microvasular Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells: Sulfoglucuronosyl Paragloboside as a Target of Monoclonal IgM in Demyelinative Neuropathy, J Cell Biol 126 (1), 235, 1994
Bovine Bovine Brain endothelial cells Collagenase Type 2: 0.35%
 DMEM Wolburg H, Neuhaus J, Kniesel U, Krauss B, Schmid EM, Ocalan M, Farrell C, Risau W: Modulation of tight junction structure in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Effects of tissue culture, second messengers and cocultured astrocytes, J Cell Sci 107, 1347, 1994
Bovine Bovine Endothelial Neutral Protease: 0.125%
 MEM Miller, D., Audus, K., and Borchardt, R.: Application of Cultured Endothelial Cells of the Brain Microvasculature in the Study of the Blood-Brain Barrier, J Tiss Cul Meth 14, 217, 1992
Bovine Bovine, adult Cerebral artery
Endothelial		 Collagenase: 0.2%
 HBSS Machi, T., Kassell, N.F., and Scheld, W.M.: Isolation and Characterization of Endothelial Cells From Bovine Cerebral Arteries, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26, 291, 1990
Bovine Bovine Capillary endothelial Collagenase: 0.1%
 DMEM Estrada, C., Bready, J., Berliner, J., and Cancilla, P.: Choline Uptake by Cerebral Capillary Endothelial Cells in Culture, J Neurochem 54, 1467, 1990
Bovine Bovine Endothelial Neutral Protease: 0.5%
 MEM Audus, K., and Borchardt, R.: Characterization of an In Vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Model System for Studying Drug Transport and Metabolism, Pharm Res 3 (2), 81, 1986
Bovine Bovine Endothelial
Brain arteries		 Collagenase Type 2: 0.2%
 Dulbecco's PBS Goetz, I.., Warren, J., Estrada, C., Roberts, E., and Krause, D.: Long-Term Cultivation of Arterial and Capillary Endothelium From Adult Bovine Brain, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 21, 172, 1985
Bovine Calf
(also lamb)		 Oligodendroglia
Neural		 Trypsin: 0.1%
 (see reference) Poduslo, S., Miller, K., and McKhann, G.: Metabolic Properties of Maintained Oligodendroglia Purified from Brain, J Biol Chem 253, 1592, 1978
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, 200-400 g Neurons Trypsin: 0.06-0.08%
 PIPES saline Kay, A.R., and Wong, R.K.S.: Isolation of Neurons Suitable for Patch-Clamping from Adult Mammalian Central Nervous Systems, J Neurosci Methods 16, 227, 1986
Human Human Microglia Collagenase Type 1: 300 u/ml
Trypsin: 0.125%
 DMEM Mizee, M., Miedema, S., van der Poel, M., Adelia , S., van Strien, M., Melief, J., Smolders, J., Hendrickx, D., Heutinck, K., Hamann, J. and Huitinga, I.: Isolation of Primary Microglia from the Human Post-Mortem Brain: Effects of Ante- and Post-Mortem Variables., Acta Neuropathol 5, 16, 2017
Human Human, adult Neuronal Papain: 20 u/ml
 Neurobasal Spaethling, J., Na, Y., Lee, J., Ulyanova, A., Baltuch, G., Bell, T., Brem, S., Chen, H., Dueck, H., Fisher, S., Garcia, M., Khaladkar, M., Kung, D., Lucas, T., O'Rourke, D. and Stefanik, D.: Primary Cell Culture of Live Neurosurgically Resected Aged Adult Human Brain Cells and Single Cell Transcriptomics., Cell Rep 18, 791-803, 2017
Human Human, fetal and mature Astrocytes and neurons Papain: 7.5-20 u/ml
 RPMI Zhang, Y., Sloan, S., Clarke, L., Caneda, C., Plaza, C., Blumenthal, P., Vogel, H., Steinberg, G., Edwards, M., Li, G., Duncan, J., Cheshier, S., Shuer, L., Chang, E., Grant, G., Gephart, M. and Barres, B.: Purification and Characterization of Progenitor and Mature Human Astrocytes Reveals Transcriptional and Functional Differences with Mouse., Neuron 89, 37-53, 2016
Human Human Microglia Neutral Protease: 10 u/ml
Papain: 2.5 u/ml
 Hibernate A Rustenhoven, J., Park Thomas, I., Schweder, P., Scotter, J., Correia, J., Smith, A., Gibbons, H., Oldfield, R., Bergin, P., Mee, E., Faull, R., Curtis, M., Scott, G. and Dragunow, M.: Isolation of Highly Enriched Primary Human Microglia for Functional Studies., Sci Rep 6, 19371, 2016
Human Human, 25-81 yr Brain tumor Neutral Protease: 0.11 u/ml
Collagenase Type 4: 0.05%
Hyaluronidase: 1,000 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 5 u/ml
 HBSS Volovitz, I, Shapira, N., Ezer, H., Gafni, A., Lustgarten, M., Alter, T., Ben-Horin, I., Barzilai, O., Shahar, T., Kanner, A., Fried, I., Veshchev, I., Grossman, R. and Ram, Z,: A Non-Aggressive, Highly Efficient, Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Human Brain-Tumors and Brain-Tissues to Viable Single-Cells., BMC Neurosci 17, 30, 2016
Human Human Amyloid Fibrils Collagenase Type 3: 0.02%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.001%
 50mM Tris Scherpelz, K., Lu, J.,Tycko, R. and Meredith, S.: Preparation of Amyloid Fibrils Seeded from Brain and Meninges, Methods Mol Biol 1345, 299, 2016
Human Brain tumor Collagenase Type 1: 0.04%
Hyaluronidase: 0.01%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.02%
Neutral Protease: 0.008%
 DMEM/F12 Hussein, D., Punjaruk, W., Storer, L., Shaw, L., Othman, R., Ottoman, R., Peet, A., Miller, S., Bandopadhyay, G., Heath, R., Kumari, R., Bowman, K., Braker, P., Rahman, R., Jones, G., Watson, S. and Lowe, J.: Pediatric Brain Tumor Cancer Stem Cells: Cell Cycle Dynamics, DNA Repair, and Etoposide Extrusion., Neuro Oncol 13, 70-83, 2011
Human Human Tumor Collagenase Type 4: 0.1%
Hyaluronidase: 0.07%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.04%
 see reference Sauvageot, C., Weatherbee, J., Kesari, S., Winters, S., Barnes, J., Dellagatta, J., Ramakrishna, N., Stiles, C., Kung, A., Kieran, M. and Wen, P.: Efficacy of the HSP90 Inhibitor 17-AAG in Human Glioma Cell Lines and Tumorigenic Glioma Stem Cells.,Neuro Oncol Vol. 11,, , 109, 2009
Human Human Microglia Trypsin: 0.25%
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 DMEM/F12 Klegeris Andis, McGeer PatrickL: Chymotrypsin-like proteases contribute to human monocytic THP-1 cell as well as human microglial neurotoxicity, Glia 51, 56-64, 2005
Human Human Microvessels Collagenase Type 4: 0.1%
 DMEM Gerhart, D. Z., Broderius, M. A., and Drewes, L. R.: Cutlured Human and Canine Endothelial Cells from Brain Microvessels, Brain Res Bull 21, 785, 1988
Human Human Neuronal Deoxyribonuclease I: 10 µg/ml
 Tris-HCl, 50 mM, CaCl2, 2 mM Roher, A.E., Palmer, K.C., Chau, V., and Ball, M.J.: Isolation and Chemical Characterization of Alzheimer's Disease Paired Helical Filament Cytoskeletons:Differentiation from Amyloid Plaque Core Protein, J Cell Biol 107, 2703, 1988
Human Human, 15-54 years Microvessels Collagenase: 0.1%
 Serum-free modified Lewis medium Vinters, H.V., Reave, S., Costello, P., Girvin, J.P., and Moore, S.A.: Isolation and Culture of Cells Derived From Human Cerebral Microvessels, Cell Tissue Res 249, 657, 1987
Insect Drosophilia Neurons Papain: 50 u/ml
 Modified Dissecting Saline Hadzic, T., Park, D., Abruzzi, K., Yang, L., Trigg, J., Rohs, R., Rosbash, M. and Taghert, P.: Genome-Wide Features of Neuroendocrine Regulation in Drosophila by the Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor DIMMED., Nucleic Acids Res 43, 2199-215, 2015
Insect Drosophila Neurons Papain: 20 u/ml
 Saline Gu, H. and O'Dowd, D.: Whole Cell Recordings from Brain of Adult Drosophila., J Vis Exp 6, 248, 2007
Insect Drosophila Neurons Papain: 4 u/ml
 DMEM Sicaeros, B. Campusano, J. and O'Dowd, D.: Primary Neuronal Cultures from the Brains of Late Stage Drosophila Pupae., J Vis Exp 4, 200, 2007
Insect Drosophilia Kenyon Papain: 20 u/ml
 Recording saline Gu, H. and O'Dowd, D.: Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission in Adult Drosophila Kenyon Cells in Situ., J Neurosci 26, 265-72, 2006
Monkey Monkey, rhesus Brain cells Collagenase Type 2: 500 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 28 u/ml
 HBSS Marcondes MC, Burudi EM, Huitron-Resendiz S, Sanchez-Alavez M, Watry D, Zandonatti M, Henriksen SJ, Fox HS: Highly activated CD8(+) T cells in the brain correlate with early central nervous system dysfunction in simian immunodeficiency virus infection, J Immunol 167, 5429-38, 2001
Mouse Adult and neonatal Microglia, astrocytes, lymphocytes Collagenase Type 2: 120 u/ml
Papain: 20 u/ml
Neutral Protease: 1.2 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 20 u/ml
 EBSS Calvo, Belen, Rubio, F., Fernandez, M. and Tranque, P.: Dissociation of Neonatal and Adult Mice Brain for Simultaneous Analysis of Microglia, Astrocytes and Infiltrating Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry.,IBRO Rep Vol. 8,, , 36-47, 2020
Mouse Mouse, adult Astrocytes, microglia, endothelia, oligodendrocytes Papain: 20 u/ml
Collagenase Type 1: 0.01%
 HBSS Swartzlander, D., Propson, N., Roy, E., Saito, T., Saido, T., Wang, B. and Zheng, H.: Concurrent Cell Type-Specific Isolation and Profiling of Mouse Brains in Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease., JCI Insight 3, , 2018
Mouse Mouse Neurons Papain: 10 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 10 u/ml
 Artificial CSF Kramer, D., Risso, D., Kosillo, ., Ngai, J. and Bateup, H.: Combinatorial Expression of Grp and Neurod6 Defines Dopamine Neuron Populations with Distinct Projection Patterns and Disease Vulnerability,eNeuro Vol. 5,, , 1, 2018
Mouse Mouse, fetal and mature Astrocytes and neurons Papain: 7.5-20 u/ml
 RPMI Zhang, Y., Sloan, S., Clarke, L., Caneda, C., Plaza, C., Blumenthal, P., Vogel, H., Steinberg, G., Edwards, M., Li, G., Duncan, J., Cheshier, S., Shuer, L., Chang, E., Grant, G., Gephart, M. and Barres, B.: Purification and Characterization of Progenitor and Mature Human Astrocytes Reveals Transcriptional and Functional Differences with Mouse., Neuron 89, 37-53, 2016
Mouse Mouse Chloroid plexus Collagenase Type 4: 400 u/ml
 PBS Baruch, K., Rosenzweig, N., Kertser, A., Deczkowska, A., Sharif, A., Spinrad, A., Tsitsou-Kampeli, A., Sarel, A., Cahalon, L. and Schwartz, M.: Breaking Immune Tolerance by Targeting Foxp3(+) Regulatory T Cells Mitigates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology., Nat Commun 6, 7967, 2015
Mouse Mouse, 3 week Neural Papain: 20 u/ml
 PBS Luo,Y.,Coskun, V., Liang, A.,Yu, J., Cheng, L.,Ge, W., Shi, Z., Zhang, K., Li, C., Lin, H., Luo, D., Wang, J., Lin, C., Dai, Z., Zhu, H., Zhang, J., Liu, J., Liu, H.,deVellis, J., Horvath, S., Sun, Y. and Li, S.: Different Patterns of Molecular Forms of Somatostatin are Released by the Rat Median Eminence and Hypothalamus., Cell 161, 1175, 2015
Mouse Mouse Brain-sequestered leukocytes Collagenase Type 4: 0.05%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 2 u/ml
 RPMI Ryg-Cornejo, V., Ioannidis, L. and Hansen, D.: Isolation and Analysis of Brain-Sequestered Leukocytes from Plasmodium Berghei ANKA-Infected Mice., J Vis Exp 71, e50112, 2013
Mouse Mouse Cerebral pericytes Collagenase Type 2: 0.1%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 30 u/ml
 DMEM Shah. G., Price, T., Banks, W., Morofuji, Y., Kovac, A., Ercal, N., Sorenson, C., Shin, E., Sheibani, N.: Pharmacological Inhibition of Mitochondrial Carbonic Anhydrases Protects Mouse Cerebral Pericytes from High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis., J Pharmacol Exp Ther 344, 637-45, 2013
Mouse Mouse, P13-15 Glial Papain: 20 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.0005%
 EBSS Haseleu, J., Anlauf, E., Blaess, S., Endl, E. and Derouiche, A.: Studying Subcellular Detail in Fixed Astrocytes: Dissociation of Morphologically Intact Glial Cells (DIMIGs)., Front Cell Neurosci 7, 54, 2013
Mouse Mouse, P0-P15 Astrocytes Papain: 5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.004%
 DPBS Foo, L.: Purification of Rat and Mouse Astrocytes by Immunopanning., Cold Spring Harb. Protoc. 2013, 421-32, 2013
Mouse Mouse, adult Neurons PDS kit: with modifications
 DMEM/F12 Saxena, A., Wagatsuma, A., Noro, Y., Kuji, T., Asaka-Oba, A., Watahiki, A., Gurnot, C., Fagiolini, M., Hensch, T. and Carninci, P.: Trehalose-Enhanced Isolation of Neuronal Sub-Types from Adult Mouse Brain., Biotechniques 52, 381, 2012
Mouse Mouse, 1-2 day Oligodendrocytes, dorsal root ganglia Papain: 0.15%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.006%
 DMEM O'Meara, R., Ryan, S., Colognato, H. and Kothary, R.: Derivation of Enriched Oligodendrocyte Cultures and Oligodendrocyte/Neuron Myelinating Co-Cultures from Post-Natal Murine Tissues., J Vis Exp 54, 3324, 2011
Mouse Mouse, 6-12 week Vascular smooth muscle cells Papain: 0.05%
Collagenase Type 4: 0.15%
Elastase: 0.05%
 PBS Chung, W., Farley, J., Swenson, A., Barnard, J., Hamilton, G., Chiposi, R. and Drummond, H.: Extracellular Acidosis Activates ASIC-like Channels in Freshly Isolated Cerebral Artery Smooth Muscle Cells., Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 298, C1198, 2010
Mouse Mouse, 4-6 day Neurons PDS kit: with modifications
 HBSS Lee, H., Greene, L., Mason, C. and Manzini, M.: Isolation and Culture of Post-Natal Mouse Cerebellar Granule Neuron Progenitor Cells and Neurons., J Vis Exp 23, 990, 2009
Mouse Mouse, postnatal Astrocytes Trypsin: 0.25%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 1,000 u/ml
 HBSS Sher, F., Rossler, R., Brouwer, N., Balasubramaniyan, V., Boddeke, E. and Copray, S.: Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells Into Oligodendrocytes: Involvement of the Polycomb Group Protein Ezh2., Stem Cells 26, 2875, 2008
Mouse Mouse, neonatal Neurons Papain: 20 u/ml
 Neurobasal Fasano, C., Thibault, D. and Trudeau, L.: Culture of Postnatal Mesencephalic Dopamine Neurons on an Astrocyte Monolayer,Current Protocols in Neuroscience Vol. 44,, , 3.21.1, 2008
Mouse Mouse, embryonic and postnatal Cortical neurons Papain: 4-10 u/ml
 Neurobasal Hilgenberg, L. and Smith, M.: Preparation of Dissociated Mouse Cortical Neuron Cultures., J Vis Exp 10, 562, 2007
Mouse Mouse Neurosperes PDS kit: per instructions
 DMEM/F12 Klein C, Butt SJ, Machold RP, Johnson JE, and Fishell G.: Cerebellum- and forebrain-derived stem cells possess intrinsic regional character, Development 132, 4497, 2005
Mouse Mouse, 1 day Neural progenitor PDS kit: per instructions
 see reference Seaberg, R., Smukler, S. and Van der Kooy, D.: Intrinsic Differences Distinguish Transiently Neurogenic Progenitors from Neural Stem Cells in the Early Postnatal Brain., Dev Biol 278, 71, 2005
Mouse Mouse Granule cell precursors, pre-neoplastic and tumor cells Papain: 10 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 250 u/ml
 Neurobasal/B27 Oliver, T., Read, T., Kessler, J., Mehmeti, A., Wells, J., Huynh, T., Lin, S. and Wechsler-Reya, R.: Loss of Patched and Disruption of Granule Cell Development in a Pre-Neoplastic Stage of Medulloblastoma., Development 132, 2425, 2005
Mouse Mouse Cortical neurons PDS kit: per instructions
 Neurobasal Hernandez, F., Perez, M., Lucas, J., Mata, A., Bhat, R. and Avila, J.: Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 plays a Crucial Role in Tau Exon 10 Splicing and Intranuclear Distribution of SC35. Implications for Alzheimer's Disease., J Biol Chem 279, 3801, 2004
Mouse Mouse, 3 day Microglia Papain: 90 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 2000 u/ml
 Eagle's MEM Nishioku T, Hashimoto K, Yamashita K, Liou SY, Kagamiishi Y, Maegawa H, Katsube N, Peters C, von Figura K, Saftig P, Katunuma N, Yamamoto K, Nakanishi H: Involvement of cathepsin E in exogenous antigen processing in primary cultured murine microglia, J Biol Chem 277, 4816, 2002
Mouse Mouse, SD, 8-12 week Microglia Trypsin: 0.125%
Collagenase Type 2: 0.01%
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 RPMI-1640 O'Donnell SL, Frederick TJ, Krady JK, Vannucci SJ, Wood TL: IGF-I and microglia/macrophage proliferation in the ischemic mouse brain, Glia 39, 85, 2002
Mouse Mouse, 2-5 day Postnal substantia nigra PDS kit: per instructions
 see reference Smeyne Michelle, Smeyne RichardJ: Method for culturing postnatal substantia nigra as an in vitro model of experimental Parkinson's disease, Brain Res Brain Res Protoc 9, 105-11, 2002
Mouse Mouse, embryonic Cortical progenitors PDS kit: per instructions
 Serum free medium Estivill-Torrus, G., Pearson, H., Van Heyningen, V., Price, D. and Rashbass, P.: Pax6 is Required to Regulate the Cell Cycle and the Rate of Progression from Symmetrical to Asymmetrical Division in Mammalian Cortical Progenitors., Development 129, 455, 2002
Mouse Mouse, 1 day Neurons and glia PDS kit: per instructions
 Neurobasal Martin-Aparicio, E., Yamamoto, A., Hernandez, F., Hen, R., Avila, J. and Lucas, J.: Proteasomal-Dependent Aggregate Reversal and Absence of Cell Death in a Conditional Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease., J Neurosci 21, 8772, 2001
Mouse Mouse Cerebellar granule cell precursors Papain: 0.435%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.05%
 EBSS Miyazawa K, Himi T, Garcia V, Yamagishi H, Sato S, and Ishizaki Y.: A role for p27/Kip1 in the control of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation, J Neurosci 20, 5756, 2000
Mouse Mouse Astrocytes Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Lim, D, and Alvarez-Buylla, A.: Interaction Between Astrocytes and Adult Subventricular Zone Precursors Stimulates Neurogenesis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, 7526, 1999
Mouse Mouse, newborn Hippocampal cells Papain: 10 u/ml
 DMKM Jun K, Choi G, Yang SG, Choi KY, Kim H, Chan GC, Storm DR, Albert C, Mayr GW, Lee CJ, Shin HS: Enhanced hippocampal CA1 LTP but normal spatial learning in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase(A)-deficient mice, Learn Mem 5, 317-30, 1998
Mouse Mouse, SWR or CF1, 1-3 months Papillae, taste receptor Pronase E: 0.15%
 Carbonate-Phosphate buffer
(see reference)		 Spielman, A., Mody, I., Brand, J., Whitney, G., MacDonald, J., and Salter, M.: A Method for Isolating and Patch-Clamping Single Mammalian Taste Receptor Cells, Brain Res 503, 326, 1989
Mouse Mouse, 0-30 day Neural Trypsin NF 1:250: 0.25%
 BSS Shrier, B., Wilson, S., and Nirenberg, M.: Cultured Cell Systems and Methods for Neurobiology, Vol. 32,, , 765, 1974
Ovine Ovine Neurons Papain: 0.2%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.1%
 Hibernate Reddy, R., Amodei, R., Estill, C., Stormshak, F., Meaker, M. and Roselli, C.: Effect of Testosterone on Neuronal Morphology and Neuritic Growth of Fetal Lamb Hypothalamus-Preoptic Area and Cerebral Cortex in Primary Culture., PLoS ONE 10, e0129521, 2015
Ovine Ovine Neurons PDS kit: per instructions
 DMEM Lepore G, Gadau S, Mura A, Zedda M, Farina V: Aromatase Immunoreactivity in Fetal Ovine Neuronal Cell Cultures Exposed to Oxidative Injury., Eur J Histochem 53, e28, 2009
Ovine Lamb
(also calf)		 Oligodendroglia
Neural		 Trypsin: 0.1%
 (see reference) Poduslo, S., Miller, K., and McKhann, G.: Metabolic Properties of Maintained Oligodendroglia Purified from Brain, J Biol Chem 253, 1592, 1978
Porcine Mini pigs, Yucatan (Susscrofa Yucatan), 4-6 months Microvascular Collagenase: 0.1%
 HBSS Robinson, D.H., Kang,Y., Deschner, S.H., and Nielsen, T.B.: Morphologic Plasticity and Periodicity : Porcine Cerebral Microvascular Cells in Culture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26, 169, 1990
Rat Rat, SD, 1-2 day Oligodendrocyte precursor cells Papain: 16.5 u/ml
 HBSS Kurachi, M., Mikuni, M. and Ishizaki, Y.: Extracellular Vesicles from Vascular Endothelial Cells Promote Survival, Proliferation and Motility of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells., PLoS ONE 11, e0159158, 2016
Rat Rat, SD, E18 Neurons Papain: 20 u/ml
 HBSS Folts, C., Scott-Hewitt, N., Proschel, C., Mayer-Proschel, M. and Noble, M.: Lysosomal Re-acidification Prevents Lysosphingolipid-Induced Lysosomal Impairment and Cellular Toxicity., PLoS Biol 14, e1002583, 2016
Rat Rat, P0-P15 Astrocytes Papain: 5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.004%
 DPBS Foo, L.: Purification of Rat and Mouse Astrocytes by Immunopanning., Cold Spring Harb. Protoc. 2013, 421-32, 2013
Rat Rat, SD, neonatal Neurons Papain: 20 u/ml
 Neuro medium Kaiser, O., Aliuos, P., Wissel, K., Lenarz, T., Werner, D., Reuter, G., Kral, A. and Warnecke, A.: Dissociated Neurons and Glial Cells Derived from Rat Inferior Colliculi After Digestion with Papain., PLoS ONE 8, e80490, 2013
Rat Rat, SD, 19-21 day Suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons Papain: 100 u/ml
 MEM Cao, R., Li, A., Cho, H., Lee, B. and Obrietan, K.: Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Modulates Photic Entrainment of the Suprachiasmatic Circadian Clock., J Neurosci 30, 6302, 2010
Rat Rat, Fisher, 7-21 month Hippocampal neurons Papain: 0.2%
 Hibernate A Chen, N., Newcomb, J., Garbuzova-Davis, S., Davis Sanberg, C., Sanberg, P. and Willing, A.: Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells Have Trophic Effects on Young and Aging Hippocampal Neurons in Vitro., Aging Dis 1, 173, 2010
Rat Rat, SD, 7 day Cerebellar granule neurons PDS kit: per instructions
 PBS Tanaka, S., Shaikh, I., Chiocca, E. and Saeki, Y.: The Gs-Linked Receptor GPR3 Inhibits the Proliferation of Cerebellar Granule Cells During Postnatal Development., PLoS ONE 4, e5922, 2009
Rat Rat, neonatal Astrocytes Papain: 20 u/ml
 EBSS Shigetomi, E. and Khakh, B.: Measuring Near Plasma Membrane and Global Intracellular Calcium Dynamics in Astrocytes., J Vis Exp 26, 1142, 2009
Rat Rat, neonatal Hippocampal neurons Papain: 10 u/ml
 EBSS Richler Esther, Chaumont Severine, Shigetomi Eiji, Sagasti Alvaro, Khakh Baljit S: Tracking transmitter-gated P2X cation channel activation in vitro and in vivo, Nat Methods 5, 87-93, 2008
Rat Rat, SD Hippocampal Trypsin: 0.1%
 Neurobasal Akanda, N., Tofighi, R., Brask, J., Tamm, C., Elinder, F. and Ceccatelli, S.: Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDAC) in the Plasma Membrane Play a Critical Role in Apoptosis in Differentiated Hippocampal Neurons but not in Neural Stem Cells., Cell Cycle 7, 3225, 2008
Rat Rat, neonatal Dura mater Collagenase Type 1: 0.075%
 DMEM Peptan, I., Hong, L. and Evans, C.: Multiple Differentiation Potentials of Neonatal Dura Mater-Derived Cells., Neurosurgery 60, 346, 2007
Rat Rat, E18 Hippocampal neurons Papain: 0.2%
 Hibernate Jekabsons MB, Nicholls DG: Bioenergetic analysis of cerebellar granule neurons undergoing apoptosis by potassium/serum deprivation, Cell Death Differ 13, 1595-610, 2006
Rat Rat, Wistar, 1-3 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.05%
 DMEM Velasco Myrian, Garci­a Esperanza, Onetti Carlos G: Glucose deprivation activates diversity of potassium channels in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, Cell Mol Neurobiol 26, 307-19, 2006
Rat Rat, E19 Hippocampal neuron Papain: 10 u/ml
 MEM Khakh Baljit S, Fisher James A, Nashmi Raad, Bowser David N, Lester Henry A: An angstrom scale interaction between plasma membrane ATP-gated P2X2 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic channels measured with fluorescence resonance energy transfer and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, J Neurosci 25, 6911-20, 2005
Rat Rat, Wistar, 14 day Visual cortical PDS kit: per instructions
 EBSS Mizoguchi Y, Kanematsu T, Hirata M, Nabekura J: A rapid increase in the total number of cell surface functional GABAA receptors induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rat visual cortex, J Biol Chem 278, 44097, 2003
Rat Rat, Wistar, male Cerebral endothelial Collagenase Type 3: 0.2%
 MEM Floris S, Van den Born J, van der Pol SM, Dijkstra CD, De Vries HE: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans modulate monocyte migration across cerebral endothelium, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 62, 780, 2003
Rat Rat, SD, E18 Cortical cells Papain: 20 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: .005%
 EBSS Behar, T, Smith, S, Kennedy, R, Mckenzie, J, Maric, I and Barker, J: GABA(B) receptors mediate motility signals for migrating embryonic cortical cells, Cereb Cortex 11, 744-53, 2001
Rat Rat, wistar, 250-300 g Cerebral artery smooth muscle cells Papain: 1.5 mg/ml
Collagenase Type 4: 1.5 mg/ml
 Physiological Salt Solution Brzezinska AK, Gebremedhin D, Chilian WM, Kalyanaraman B, Elliott SJ.: Peroxynitrite reversibly inhibits Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in rat cerebral artery smooth muscle cells, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278, H1883, 2000
Rat Rat, SD, E16 Cortical neurons PDS kit: with modifications
 Neurobasal Medium Varney MA, Cosford ND, Jachec C, Rao SP, Sacaan A, Lin FF, Bleicher L, Santori EM, Flor PJ, Allgeier H, Gasparini F, Kuhn R, Hess SD, Velicelebi G, Johnson EC: SIB-1757 and SIB-1893: selective, noncompetitive antagonists of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 290, 170, 1999
Rat Rat, wistar, neonatal Hippocampal cells Papain: 1 mg/ml
 DMEM Boehm S, Betz H: Somatostatin inhibits excitatory transmission at rat hippocampal synapses via presynaptic receptors, J Neurosci 17, 4066, 1997
Rat Rat, SD, Fisher Hippocampal neurons Papain: 0.2%
 HibernateA/B27 Brewer, G.J.: Isolation and culture of adult rat hippocampal neurons of any age, J Neurosci Methods 71, 143, 1997
Rat Rat, E18 Hippocampal and cortical neurons PDS kit: per instructions
 Neurobasal media Naeve GS, Ramakrishnan M, Kramer R, Hevroni D, Citri Y, Theill LE: Neuritin: a gene induced by neural activity and neurotrophins that promotes neuritogenesis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, 2648-53, 1997
Rat Rat, SD, newborn Glial Trypsin: 0.0625%
 MEM, sterile Pixley, S.K.: The Olfactory Nerve Contains Two Populations of Glia, In Vitro 5, 269, 1992
Rat Rat, newborn Astrocytes Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM, HBSS Holzwarth, J., Glaum, S., and Miller, R.: Activation of Endothelin Receptors by Sarafotoxin Regulates Ca2+ Homeostasis in Cerebellar Astrocytes, Glia 5, 239, 1992
Rat Rat, 60-72 hours old Fibroblasts Trypsin: 0.2%
 HEPES buffered DMEM Acheson, A., Barker, P., Alderson, R., Miller, F., and Murphy, R.: Detection of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-like Activity in Fibroblasts and Schwann Cells: Inhibition by Antibodies to NGF, Neuron 7, 265, 1991
Rat Rat, SD, adult Endothelial Collagenase Type 2: 0.5%
 Medium 199 Doron, D., Jacobowitz, D., Heldman, E., Feurerstein, G., Pollard, H., and Hallenbeck, J.: Extracellular Matrix Permits the Expression of Von Willebrand's Factor, Uptake of Di-I-Acetylated Low Density Lipoprotein and Secretion of Prostacyclin in Cultures of Endothelial Cells from Rat Brain Microvessels, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 27A, 689, 1991
Rat Rat, SD, 5 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.2%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 10 ug/ml
 HBSS Mattson, M., and Kater, S.: Development and Selective Neurodegeneration in Cell Cultures From Different Hippocampal Regions, Brain Res 490, 110, 1989
Rat Rat, SD, female Fetal rat brain Collagenase Type 4: 0.1%
 DMEM Matsuda, M.: Serum Proteins Enhance Aggregate Formation of Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain Cells in an Aggregating Culture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 24 (10), 1031, 1988
Rat Rat, albino, adult and newborn Cerebral cortices Trypsin: 0.25%
 PBS Giulian, D. and Baker, T.J.: Characterization of Ameboid Microglia Isolated From Developing Mammalian Brain, J Neurosci 6, 2163, 1986
Rat Rat, Wistar, newborn Germinal matrix Trypsin: 0.25%
 HBSS Goldman, J.E., Geier, S.S., and Hirano, M.: Differentiation of Astrocytes and Oligodendrocytes From Germinal Matrix Cells in Primary Culture, J Neurosci 6, 52, 1986
Rat Rat, fetus, 18-20 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.25%
 HBSS, CMF Bartlett, W. and Banker, G.: An Electron Microscopic Study of the Development of Axons and Dendrites by Hippocampal Neurons in Culture. I. Cells Which Develop Without Intercellular Contacts, J Neurosci 4, 1944, 1984
Rat Rat, fetus, 18 day Hippocampi Trypsin: 0.1%
 HBSS Rothman, S.: Synaptic Release of Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Mediates Anoxic Neuronal Death, J Neurosci 4 (7), 1884, 1984
Rat Rat, SD, 19-20 days pregnant Neural Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Ahmed, Z., Walker, P., and Fellows, R.: Properties of Neurons from Dissociated Fetal Rat Brain in Serum-Free Culture, J Neurosci 3 (12), 2448, 1983
Rat Rat, SD, fetal Cerebral cortex
Hypothalmus		 Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.001%
 HEPES Peterfreund, R. and Vale, W.: High Molecular Weight Somatostatin Secretion by Cultured Rat Brain Cell, Brain Res 239, 463, 1982
Rat Rat, Wistar-Kyoto, male, 100 - 200 g Endothelial
Cerebral		 Collagenase Type 2: 0.05%
 HBSS Diglio, C.A., Grammas, P., Filiberto Giacomelli, M.S., and Wiener, J.: Primary Culture of Rat Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Lab Invest 46, 554, 1982
Rat Rat, fetus Cortical Trypsin: 0.25%
 Puck's D1 (see reference) Swaiman, K., Neale, E., Fitzgerald, S., and Nelson, P.: A Method for Large-scale Production of Mouse Brain Cortical Cultures, Brain Res 255, 361, 1982
Rat Rat, Wistar, pregnant Glial Trypsin: 0.05%
 Eagle's MEM/DMEM Abney, E., Bartlett, P., and Raff, M.: Astrocytes, Ependymal Cells, and Oligodendrocytes Develop on Schedule in Dissociated Cell Cultures of Embryonic Rat Brain, Dev Biol 83, 301, 1981
Rat Rat, SD, one month old Capillary endothelium
Pericytes		 Neutral Protease: 0.1%
 Medium 199 Bowman, P., Betz, A., Ar, D., Wolinsky, J., Penney, J., Shivers, R., and Goldstein, G.: Primary Culture of Capillary Endothelium From Rat Brain, In Vitro 17 (4), 353, 1981
Rat Rat, Wistar, male, 300-500 g Microvessels
Endothelial		 Collagenase Type 2: 0.75%
 Ringers-HEPES buffer Williams, S., Gillis, J., Matthews, M., Wagner, R., and Bitensky, M.: Isolation and Characterization of Brain Endothelial Cells: Morphology and Enzyme Activity, J Neurochem 35 (2), 374, 1980
Rat Rat, Wistar, adult, 170 g Endothelial Trypsin: 0.5%
 BSS Phillips, P., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., and Waghe, M.: Isolation And Characterization of Endothelial Cells From Rat And Cow Brain White Matter, J Anat 129, 261, 1979
Rat Rat, Holtzmann, 18 day Hippocampal neurons Trypsin: 0.1%
 HBSS Banker, G., and Cowan, M.: Rat Hippocampal Neurons in Dispersed Cell Culture, Brain Res 126, 397, 1977
Rat Rat, SD, 2 days Pineal Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM, MEM Rowe, V., Neale, E., Avins, L., Guroff, G., and Schrier, B.: Pineal gland cells in culture. Morphology, Biochemistry, Differentiation, and co-culture with sympathetic neurons, Exp Cell Res 104, 345, 1977
Shellfish Helisoma trivolvis Neurons
Buccal ganglia		 Trypsin: 0.2%
 Saline, Sterile Hadley, R.D., Bodnar, D.A., and Kater, S.B.: Formation of Electrical Synapses Between Isolated, Cultured Helisoma Neurons Requires Mutual Neurite Elongation, J Neurosci 5, 3145, 1985