Muscle - Tissue Tables

SpeciesSpecies DetailCellsEnzyme(s)Medium Reference
Bovine Bovine Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Characterization of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype in Long-Term Culture , In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 25 (2), 183, 1989
Bovine Bovine Vascular smooth muscle Elastase Type 3: 50 u/ml
 PSS Pharmacology and Force Development of Single Freshly Isolated Bovine Cartoid Artery Smooth Muscle Cells , Circ Res 58, 399, 1986
Bovine Bovine Smooth muscle, fibroblasts Trypsin: 0.055%
 Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium Modification of LDL Metabolism by Growth Factors in Cultured Vascular Cells and Human Skin Fibroblasts , Biochim Biophys Acta 712, 26, 1982
Canine Dog Smooth muscle Elastase: 50 u/ml
 PSS A Method for the Isolation of Cells from Arteries of Various Sizes, J Tiss Cul Meth 13, 13, 1991
Canine Dog, beagle, adult Smooth muscle Vascular Elastase: 34 u/ml
 Tyrode's solution w/ calcium Outward Potassium Currents in Freshly Isolated Smooth Muscle Cell of Dog Coronary Arteries , Circ Res 65, 1718, 1989
Canine Dog Artery Carotid Elastase: 80 u/ml
 PSS Elastase, Collagenase, and the Biaxial Elastic Properties of Dog Carotid Artery , Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 247 (16), H124, 1984
Chicken chicken, 1-2 day gizzard and aorta smooth muscle Collagenase Type 1: 0.15%
 HBSS A Myosin Phosphatase Targeting Subunit Isoform Transition Defines a Smooth Muscle Developmental Phenotypic Switch , Am J Physiol/Cell 278(3), C589, 2000
Chicken Chick Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.05% - 0.1%
 HBSS The Smooth Muscle in Cell Culture , Physiol Res 59, 1, 1979
Chicken Chick, white leghorn, 12 day Muscle Trypsin: 0.25%
 Puck's saline A Comparison of Skeletal Muscle Monolayer Cultures Initiated With Cells Dissociated by the Vortex and Trypsin Methods , In Vitro 12, 564, 1976
Chicken Chick, white leghorn, embryos, 11 day Muscle Trypsin: 0.05%
 Saline G A Mechanical Dissociation Method For Preparation of Muscle Cell Cultures , J Cell Physiol 86, 561, 1975
Chicken Chick embryo Thyroid Muscle Heart Collagenase: 0.25%
 Tyrode's saline, potassium free Collagenase. Its Effectiveness as a Dispersing Agent for Embryonic Chick Thyroid and Heart , Exp Cell Res 65, 246, 1971
Chicken Chick, embryonic Muscle Trypsin: 0.1%
 CMF HBSS , Tissue Cult Methods & Applications,Kruse, P., and Patterson, M., , 246, 1971
Chicken Chick embryonic Various tissues (heart, liver, skeletal, cardiac) Trypsin: various grades
 CMF Tyrode's solution An Improved Method for the Isolation and Quantitative Cultivation of Embryonic Cells , Exp Cell Res 16, 477, 1959
Feline Cat, adult mongrel, either sex, 2.5-4.0 kg Cerebral arteries Elastase: 50 u/ml
 Puck's solution Effects of Hypoxia and Other Vasoactive Agents on Pulmonary and Cerebral Artery Smooth Muscle Cells , Am J Physiol 263, L384, 1992
Feline Cat, mongrel, adult, 2-4 kg Myocytes Collagenase: 0.12%
 Kreb's Henseleit, CF Sodium Current Kinetics in Cat Atrial Myocytes, Vol. 384,, , 169, 1987
Fish Dogfish, Squalus acanthias , 2-6 Kg
(also guinea-pig, rabbit, frog)		 Myocytes, heart and stomach Protease XIV: 0.028%
 Solution C
(see reference)		 A Uniform Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Myocytes from Hearts and Stomachs of Vertebrates , Am J Physiol 249, H1056, 1985
Frog Frog, Xenopus laevis, embryos stage 17 & 19 Muscle Collagenase: 0.10%
 Steinberg's solution Acetylcholine Receptors and Con A-Binding Sites on Xenopus Muscle Cells , J Cell Biol 107, 1397, 1988
Frog Frog Myocytes Trypsin: 0.1%
 CF Ringer Direct Control of Contraction Force of Single Frog Atrial Cells by Extracellular Ions , Am J Physiol 251, C653, 1986
Frog Frog, Rana pipiens (50-100 g)
(also guinea-pig, rabbit, dogfish, Squalus acanthias )		 Myocytes, heart and stomach Protease XIV: 0.028%
 Solution C
(see reference)		 A Uniform Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Myocytes from Hearts and Stomachs of Vertebrates , Am J Physiol 249, H1056, 1985
Frog Frog, Xenopus laevis Muscle Trypsin: 0.5%
 L15 medium
(see reference)		 Effects of Innervation on the Distribution of Acetylcholine Receptors on Cultured Muscle Cells , J Physiol 268, 731, 1977
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, 200-380 g Capillaries Myocytes Collagenase Type 2: 0.15%
 CF solution ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels in Capillaries Isolated From Guinea-Pig Heart , J Physiol 525 (2), 307, 2000
Guinea-Pig Guinea pig, 2-4 wk old, male, female Smooth muscle Gallbladder Papain: 0.1%
 Krebs solution Pharmacology and Modulation of KATP Channels by Protein Kinase C and Phosphatates in Gallbladder Smooth Muscle , Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 278, C1031, 2000
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, adult, 250-350 g Smooth muscle Gallbladder Papain: 0.1%
 NaCl, sodium glutamate, MgCl, KCl, glucose, Kreb's, and HEPES Cholesterol Inhibits Spontaneous Action Potentials and Calcium Currents in Guinea Pig Gallbladder Smooth Muscle , Am J Physiol 277, G1017, 1999
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, Dunkin-Hartley, female Myocytes Protease:
DMEM Membrane Current Changes in Left Ventricular Myocytes Isolated From Guinea-Pigs After Abdominal Aortic Coarctation , Cardiovasc Res 27, 1278, 1993
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig
(also rat, rabbit)		 Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.1%
 Potassium buffer solution Activation of K+ Channel in Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cytochrome P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid, FASEB J 6, A383, 1992
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, 200-300 g Smooth muscle Mesenteric artery Collagenase: 0.3%
 CF solution ATP Regulation of the Slow Calcium Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Circ Res 64, 145, 1989
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, 200-400 g
(also rabbit, frog, dogfish)		 Myocytes, heart and stomach Protease XIV: 0.028%
 Solution C
(see reference)		 A Uniform Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Myocytes from Hearts and Stomachs of Vertebrates , Am J Physiol 249, H1056, 1985
Guinea-Pig Guinea-pig, prepubertal Smooth muscle Aortic Trypsin: 0.05%
 Dulbecco-Vogt modification of Eagle's The Smooth Muscle Cell . II. Growth of Smooth Muscle in Culture and Formation of Elastic Fibers, J Cell Biol 50, 172, 1971
Hamster Hamster, male, 60-70 day Satellite Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Stretch-Activated Cation Channels in Skeletal Muscle Myotubes From Sarcoglycan-Deficient Hamsters, Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281, C690, 2001
Human Human, female Smooth muscle Myometrial Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.015% and 0.007%
 HBSS Biochemical Markers of Contraction in Human Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells in Culture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 23, 21, 1987
Human Human, female Smooth muscle Myometrial Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.12%
 HBSS Maintenance and Characterization of Human Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells in Monolayer Culture, In Vitro 20, 396, 1984
Human Human, fetal
(also bovine)		 Smooth muscle, fibroblasts Trypsin: 0.055%
 Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium Modification of LDL Metabolism by Growth Factors in Cultured Vascular Cells and Human Skin Fibroblasts , Biochim Biophys Acta 712, 26, 1982
Human Human Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.25%
 DMEM Human Smooth Muscle Cells Cultured From Atherosclerotic Plaques and Uninvolved Vessel Wall, In Vitro 17 (8), 713, 1981
Human Human
(also rat, guinea-pig, chick, monkey)		 Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.05% - 0.1%
 HBSS The Smooth Muscle in Cell Culture , Physiol Res 59, 1, 1979
Lizard Lizard (Anolis carolinensis) Myoblasts, tail Collagenase: 0.2%
 GM III
(see reference)		 A Microphotometric STudy of Myogenic Lizard Cells Grown in Vitro , Dev Biol 23, 433, 1970
Monkey Monkey (Macaca nemestrina) Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.05%
 Dulbecco-Vogt Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Stimulates Activity of LDL Receptors, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 77, 4084, 1980
Monkey Rhesus monkey, 1 year
(also human, rabbits)		 Smooth muscle, saphenous vein Elastase: 0.05%
 BSS Comparison of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Adult Human, Monkey and Rabbit in Primary Culture and in Subculture , Cell Tissue Res 177, 503, 1977
Mouse mouse, 15-20 day intersitial cells of Cajal Collagenase Type 2: 0.13%
 M199 Dissociation, culture and morphologic changes of interstitial cells of Cajal in vitro , World J Gastroenterol 11, 2838, 2005
Mouse mouse, 6-8 week skeletal muscle progenitor Collagenase Type 2: 0.2%
 DMEM Distinct Progenitor Populations in Skeletal Muscle Are Bone Marrow Derived and Exhibit Different Cell Fates During Vascular Regeneration. , J Clin Invest 111, 71, 2003
Mouse mouse, neonatal myocytes Collagenase Type 1: 0.5%
 DMEM Muscle Regeneration by Reconstitution with Bone Marrow or Fetal Liver Cells from Green Fluorescent Protein-gene Transgenic Mice , J Cell Sci 115, 1285, 2002
Mouse mouse, 6-8 week myocytes Collagenase Type 2: 0.2%
Trypsin: 0.25%
 HBSS Muscle-derived hematopoietic stem cells are hematopoietic in origin. , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 1341, 2002
Porcine porcine, male, 25-40 kg coronary myocytes Collagenase Type 2: 294 u/ml
Elastase: 6.5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.04%
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor: 0.1%
 low calcium physiological saline Alterations in PKC signaling underlie enhanced myogenic tone in exercise-trained porcine coronary resistance arteries. , J Appl Physiol 96, 1425-32, 2004
Porcine porcine, adult, 35-45 kg arterial smooth muscle Collagenase Type 2: 294 u/ml
Elastase: 6.5 u/ml
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.4 mg/ml
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor: 1 mg/ml
 MEM Atorvastatin treatment prevents alterations in coronary smooth muscle nuclear Ca2+ signaling in diabetic dyslipidemia , J Vasc Res 39, 208, 2002
Porcine Porcine, Yorkshire, 30kg coronary smooth muscle Collagenase Type 2: 150 u/ml
Elastase: 0.05%
 HBSS Endothelin-1 enhances eicosanoids-induced coronary smooth muscle contraction by activating specific protein kinase C isoforms. , Hypertension 37, 497-504, 2001
Porcine porcine, juvenile, 30kg coronary smooth muscle cells Collagenase: 0.3%
Elastase: 0.05%
 HBSS Effects of subtype-selective and balanced angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a porcine coronary artery model of vascular restenosis. , Circulation 93, 1009-19, 1996
Porcine Porcine Smooth muscle, aorta Collagenase: 0.3%
 DMEM Modulation of Response to Adenosine in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Cultured in Defined Medium, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 27, 355, 1991
Porcine Porcine Smooth muscle Aorta Trypsin: 0.05%
 EDTA 0.02% Changes in Proteoglycans of Cultured Pig Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells During Subculture, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26, 157, 1990
Porcine Porcine Smooth muscle Aortic medial tissue Collagenase: 0.30%
 DMEM Cyclic AMP Efflux is Regulated by Occupancy of The Adenosine Receptor in Pig Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells, J Biol Chem 265, 10974, 1990
Quail Quail, embryo, 10 day Myoblasts Collagenase Type 2: 0.1%
 Puck's solution Skeletal Myoblasts in Culture, Methods Enzymol LVIII, 511, 1979
Rabbit Rabbit, New Zealand, male, 2.5-3.5 Kg Enterocytes Trypsin: 0.1%
 RPMI 1640 w/ 1% fetal bovine serum
PBS		 Factors Affecting in Vitro Growth of Harvested Enterocytes , Cell Transplant 1, 299, 1992
Rabbit Rabbit
(also rat, guinea-pig)		 Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.1%
 Potassium buffer solution Activation of K+ Channel in Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cytochrome P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid, FASEB J 6, A383, 1992
Rabbit Rabbit, adult, 1-2 kg Smooth muscle Elastase: 0.17 - 0.25%
 Saline Action of Extremely Applied Adenosine Triphosphate O Single Smooth Muscle Cells Dispersed From Rabbit Ear Artery , J Physiol 387, 473, 1987
Rabbit Rabbit, New Zealand white, 1500 g Smooth muscle, aortic Trypsin: 0.038%
 MEM Large Scale Preparation of Rabbit Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells For Use in Calcium Uptake Studies, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 22, 23, 1986
Rabbit Rabbit, adult, 1-2 Kg Smooth muscle, ear artery Trypsin: 0.1%
 CF solution
(see reference)		 Spontaneous Transient Outward Currents in Single Visceral and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of the Rabbit , J Physiol 381, 385, 1986
Rabbit Rabbit, 0.5-1 Kg
(also guinea-pig, frog, dogfish)		 Myocytes, heart and stomach Protease XIV: 0.028%
 Solution C
(see reference)		 A Uniform Enzymatic Method for Dissociation of Myocytes from Hearts and Stomachs of Vertebrates , Am J Physiol 249, H1056, 1985
Rabbit Rabbit, white New Zealand, adult, male, 2 Kg Smooth muscle, aorta Trypsin: 0.1%
 Krebs Ringer HEPES solution Preparation of Functional Smooth Muscle Cells from the Rabbit Aorta, J Exp Med 148, 1400, 1978
Rabbit Rabbits, New Zealand white albino, 5-6 months
(also human, Rhesus monkey, rabbit)		 Smooth muscle, saphenous vein Elastase: 0.05%
 BSS Comparison of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Adult Human, Monkey and Rabbit in Primary Culture and in Subculture , Cell Tissue Res 177, 503, 1977
Rabbit Rabbit, chinchilla, 5-8 month, virgin, female, 2-3 kg Smooth muscle, aorta Hyaluronidase: 800 u/ml
 HBSS Lysosomes of the Arterial Wall. I. Isolation and Subcellular Fractionation of Cells from Normal Rabbit Aorta, J Exp Med 136, 1117, 1972
Rabbit Rabbit, New England, albino Thoracic aorta Elastase: 0.008%
 Kreb's Ringer Synthesis of Phospholipid by Foam Cells Isolated from Rabbit Atherosclerotic Lesions, Circ Res XIX, 122, 1966
Rat Rat, SD, adult and neonatal w/in 1 day of birth Myooids Dispase: 4 u/ml
 Ham's F-12 Excitability and Contractility of Skeletal Muscle Engineered from Primary Cultures and Cell Lines, Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 280, C288, 2001
Rat rat, SD, 3 month smooth muscle cells Collagenase Type 2: 0.2%
Elastase: 0.04%
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor: 0.1%
 M-199 A Genetically Modified Adenoviral Vector Exhibits Enhanced Gene Transfer of Human Smooth Muscle Cells , J Vasc Res 38(5), 471, 2001
Rat Rat, Wistar, adult, male Smooth & skeletal muscle Cardiac myocytes Protease: 0.01%
 PSS Inhibition of Vascular KATP Channels by U-37883A: A Comparison with Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle, Br J Pharmacol 128, 909, 1999
Rat rat, SD, male, 250-350 g vascular smooth muscle Collagenase Type 2: 0.1%
Elastase: 0.0125%
 DMEM Expression of Multiple Alpha1-Adrenoceptors on Vascular Smooth Muscle: Correlation with the Regulation of Contraction , J Pharmacol Exp Ther 290(1), 452, 1999
Rat Rat, SD, male, 150-175 g Smooth muscle, endothelial Trypsin: 0.04%
 MEM Perfused Transcapillary Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cell Co-Culture-A Novel In Vitro Model, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 31, 601, 1995
Rat Rat, Wistar Kyoto, 10-15 weeks Smooth muscle, mesenteric artery Trypsin: 0.05%
 MEM Isolation and Culture of Rat Superior Mesenteric Artery Smooth Muscle Cells, In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 29, 135, 1993
Rat Rat
(also rabbit, guinea-pig)		 Smooth muscle Trypsin: 0.1%
 Potassium buffer solution Activation of K+ Channel in Vascular Smooth Muscle by Cytochrome P-450 Metabolites of Arachidonic Acid, FASEB J 6, A383, 1992
Rat Rat, SD, 19 days Smooth muscle, myometrial Trypsin: 150 µg/ml
 HBSS or PSS, CMF Rat Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells Show High Levels of Gap Junctional Communication Under a Variety of Culture Conditions , In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 28, 97, 1992
Rat Rat, SHRs and WKY, male, 10 - 14 weeks Smooth muscle, tail arteries Papain: 0.1%
 HEPES buffer
(see reference)		 Isolation and Characterization of Single Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats , Hypertension 14, 137, 1989
Rat Rat, 1-3 day Smooth muscle, aortic Elastase: 0.0125%
 DMEM Elastin mRNA Levels and Insoluble Elastin Accumulation in Neonatal Rat , Biochem 27, 3175, 1988
Rat Rat Muscle, mesenteric arteries Trypsin: 0.05%
 HEPES KG solution
(see reference)		 Calcium Channels in Muscle Cells Isolated From Rat Mesenteric Arteries: Modulation by Dihydropyridine Drugs , Circ Res 59, 229, 1986
Rat Rat, SHR, WKY. either sex, 12-19 day, 3 month, and retired breeders Endothelial, aortic Elastase: 0.05%
 Waymouth's culture medium Induction of Polyploidy in Cultures of Neonatal Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells , Circ Res 59, 633, 1986
Rat Rat, male, 150-250 g Endothelial, aortic Trypsin:
RPMI 1640 Isolation, Characterization, Growth and Culture of Endothelial Cells From the Rat Aorta , Cell Biol Int Rep 10 (6), 399, 1986
Rat Rat, Wistar, female, 10 weeks Myocytes Collagenase: 0.1%
 HBSS Cyclic AMP-dependent Phosphorylation of a 16kDa Protein in a Plasma Membrane-enriched Fraction of Rat Aortic Myocytes , FEBS Lett 193, 283, 1985
Rat Rat, SD, male, 200 - 250 g Smooth muscle, thoracic aorta Trypsin: 0.0375%
 Eagle's MEM with calcium Angiotensin Increases Cytosolic Free Calcium in Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells , Hypertension 7, 105, 1985
Rat rat, SD, 225-250g mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells Elastase: .0125%
Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor: 0.025%
Collagenase Type 1: 0.1%
 HBSS Functional angiotensin II receptors in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. , J Cell Biol 92, 289, 1982
Rat Rat, 3-4 day Myocardial Trypsin NF 1:250: 0.125%
 CMF HBSS Rat Myocardial Cells In Vitro: Mitosis and Differentiated Properties , In Vitro 8, 128, 1972
Rat Rat, 200 g Muscle Trypsin: 0.05%
 Kreb's Henseleit bicarbonate buffer Roles of Collagenases and Other Proteolytic Enzymes in the Dispersal of Animal Tissues , Biochim Biophys Acta 178, 397, 1969
Rat Rat, Wistar, 3-10 day Heart Trypsin NF 1:250: 250: 0.1%
 Saline A
(See reference)		 In Vitro Studies on Single Beating Rat Heart Cells , Exp Cell Res 29, 451, 1963
Sheep sheep, adult and neonatal tracheal smooth muscle cells Papain: 0.2%
Deoxyribonuclease I: 0.1%
 MOPS-PSS A Method for Isolating Adult and Neonatal Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Measuring Shortening Velocity , J Appl Physiol 86(1), 427, 1999